Sound technical content, curated with aloha by
Ted Mooney, P.E. RET
Pine Beach, NJ
The authoritative public forum
for Metal Finishing since 1989
-----
Baumé Hydrometer Chart for Nickel Concentration
Greetings,
I am looking for a chart that can convert the degrees baumé to nickel concentration, in oz/gal. Please advise. Thank you.
plating shop manager - Robbinsville, New Jersey
2007
First of three simultaneous responses --
What type of nickel bath are you trying to measure? Why?
Gene Packman- Great Neck, New York
2007
Second of three simultaneous responses -- 2007
I don't know that it's practical to do that. I have seen such charts for CrO3 in a chrome tank, and CuSO4 in an acid copper tank, but not for Ni. The reason may be that density is also affected by boric acid content, and how much of the Ni is there as the chloride or the sulphate.
It is really not hard to do an EDTA titration. 1 ml sample, a 100 ml o' water, some aqua ammonia, and a little murexide
[affil links], titrate to deep violet endpoint with 0.1 M EDTA. With a bit of practice, you can do one in about 60 seconds.
Even easier: add a given amount of aqua ammonia
⇦this on
eBay or
Amazon [affil links] to about 10 ml of a
100X solution of your bath, and read the color on a spectrophotometer. You'd need to set up a standard curve, with known Ni concentrations in the same matrix, that might take an hour or two. But you only have to do that once, and subsequent determinations could be done in about 15 seconds.
If that interests you, I'll look up the wavelength you read the Ni(NH3)6 complex at, and post it. I don't have the book in front of me.
Dave Wichern
Consultant - The Bronx, New York
Third of three simultaneous responses --
Jack,
Because there are other bath constituents that also affect baumé or specific gravity such as nickel chloride, boric acid, any additives like stress reducers, brighteners and anti-pit,(if applicable) makes it impossible to determine an accurate nickel metal concentration with a baumé reading. I wish it could be that easy!
Process Engineer - Syracuse, New York
2007
First of three simultaneous responses -- 2007
The proper wavelength is 582 nm, in a matrix of 1:10 aqua ammonia.
Gene brings up a good point; what bath? This procedure I suggest would likely work OK for a Watts nickel, sulfamate nickel, or Woods strike. However, it would not work in an electroless nickel bath.
Dave Wichern
Consultant - The Bronx, New York
Second of three simultaneous responses --
You can use SG for a daily verification check of the tank, but it still needs a weekly lab titration check. Why daily? To see if someone left a hose in the tank and overflowed it.
James Watts- Navarre, Florida
2007
Third of three simultaneous responses -- 2007
Hello,
You must specify the SYSTEM (solution) Temperature.
If you don't find any conversion table, then I can build up one for you, Just let me know it.
- Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Thank you for all the responses. I am trying to measure the nickel concentration (oz/gal) in a nickel sulfamate tank at a 120 degree F temperature. The solution contains boric acid as well as SNAP. I would like to have a "translation" table so I can check the baumé reading with the nickel in the tank. Jose, if you can assist me that would be wonderful. Thanks.
Jack P. Honore III- Robbinsville, New Jersey
2007
Sorry,
I was desconnected a little bit from you.
Cut up a pipe glass (an extreme sealed) with somemetal inside in order to compensate the buoyancy of the glass rod in the solution.
Formulate several solutions with different interest element concentrations to build up your gizmo at the reading conditions. Make the "marks" in your glass for each concentration.
Is in this way that you have your device to determine your concentrations.
- Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
January 2, 2008
January 11, 2008
Sir:
CRC Handbook of Chemistry & Physics
[adv: on
Amazon &
AbeBooks &
eBay affil links]
, published by The Chemical Rubber Publishing Co. 2310 Superior Avenue N.E. Cleveland, Ohio has many, many tables of various salt concentrations versus baumé hydrometer readings. This is where you should start to get your "working" table because every ion that is dissolved contributes to the total density.
Regards,
Galvanizing Consultant - Hot Springs, South Dakota, USA
March 5, 2008
Beaume chart,
The Calibration curve will be taking into account the whole solution system. SUGGESTION: collect solutions from your tank a different concentration (ages) and send them to analyze and keep part of each solution that you will use as REFERENECES to BUILD UP your BEAUMETER.
It work 4 sure with the condition that sp gravity will change too.
- Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Q, A, or Comment on THIS thread -or- Start a NEW Thread