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High/Medium/Low Phosphorus Electroless Nickel Bath

 

I need to plate Electroless Nickel coating onto Copper substrate. The coating must be with high (>10%), Medium (8-10%) and low (<4%) phosphorus content. What are the bath combinations that produce such coating? Or is there any commercial bath supplier?

Siew Fong Tai
University of Technology Malaysia - Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

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Yes, proprietaries are the way to go with electroless nickel. There are numerous suppliers available.

Ted Mooney, P.E.
Striving to live Aloha
finishing.com - Pine Beach, New Jersey
 

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There are a number of commercial suppliers of all three baths you mention.

James Totter, CEF
- Tallahassee, Florida
 

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I've tried the following combination of EN plating solution. It is said to produce low Phosphorus content(2%). Somehow I've got 12%. Why is it so?

Nickel sulphate 30 g/L
Sodium hypophosphite 30 g/L
Sodium pyrophosphite 60 g/L
Thiourea 3 mg/L
pH 9
Temperature 85 °C

What other combinations that can produce low and medium Phosphorus deposition?

Siew Fong Tai
University of Technology Malaysia - Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

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Siew:

Go back to basics. You belong to a University. Get some good books on the subject. I personally recommend the Metals Handbook, Ninth Edition, Volume 5 Surface Cleaning, Finishing and Coating by ASM and The Properties of Electrodeposited Metals and Alloys Second Edition by AESF

Guillermo Marrufo
Monterrey, NL, Mexico